This note is a part of my Zettelkasten. What is below might not be complete or accurate. It
is also likely to change often.
Structural Consensus theory argues that society's cultural rules (which are decided by consensus) determine the structure of thought and behaviour for a person, akin to how a physical building governs the actions of people inside it. Individuals, therefore, behave similarly in social settings because they are bound by their social structure.
Socialization is the process by which humans learn the kinds of behaviour that is expected from them in the social setting they find themselves. In this theory, Culture is defined as the set of rules that govern thought and behaviour in a society. The process of socialization instills culture into humans. Soon after they are born, humans learn cultural rules of the society they live in, which allows them to interact with other humans in the same culture in a fruitful way. According to the structural consensus theory, socialization produces consensus between the individuals in the society.
Social Values are very general ideals every society - like the approved ways of living. These act as bases for social norms and behaviour. For example: "Education is the key to success"
One explanation of why there exist so much differences in behaviour is that there are many competing norms and values in each individual - there are a characteristic of the different social settings they inhabit.